Multi-omički pristup sportskom talentuA multi-omics approach to sporting talent
TWINSWINS kombinira genomiku, epigenetiku, procjenu biološke dobi i analizu mišićnih vlakana u jedinstven istraživački dizajn koji uključuje parove blizanaca.TWINSWINS combines genomics, epigenetics, biological age assessment and muscle fibre analysis in a unique research design featuring twin pairs.
Istraživački stupoviResearch pillars
GenomikaGenomics
Genotipizacija ključnih polimorfizama (ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D, PPARGC1A Gly482Ser i dr.) u sportaša različitih disciplina, razina i parova blizanaca.
Genotyping key polymorphisms (ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D, PPARGC1A Gly482Ser etc.) in athletes across disciplines, levels and twin pairs.
Epigenetika i biološka dobEpigenetics & biological age
GlycanAge (glikanski profil), DNK metilacijski satovi (Horvath, Hannum), duljina telomera, upalni markeri — procjena „prave" dobi sportaša.
GlycanAge (glycan profiling), DNA methylation clocks (Horvath, Hannum), telomere length, inflammatory markers — assessing the athlete's "true" age.
Mišićna vlakna (neinvazivno)Muscle fibres (non-invasive)
Tenziomiografija (TMG), beta-alanin iz uzoraka sline (imidazolni dipeptidi), bliska infracrvena spektroskopija (NIRS) — bez biopsije.
Tensiomyography (TMG), salivary beta-alanine (imidazole dipeptides), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) — without biopsy.
Sportska izvedba i talentAthletic performance & talent
Motorički testovi, antropometrija, relativna dob, procjena sazrijevanja (BAUSport SonicBone), psihosocijalni čimbenici i natjecateljna razina.
Motor tests, anthropometry, relative age, maturation assessment (BAUSport SonicBone), psychosocial factors and competitive level.
Blizanci — prirodni kontrolirani eksperimentTwins — a natural controlled experiment
Usporedba jednojajčanih blizanaca (koji dijele gotovo identičan genotip) i dvojajčanih blizanaca (koji dijele ~50 % genoma, kao i braća/sestre) omogućuje precizno razdvajanje genetskih od okolišnih doprinosa sportskom razvoju.
Comparing monozygotic twins (who share a near-identical genotype) and dizygotic twins (who share ~50 % of the genome, like siblings) allows precise disentangling of genetic from environmental contributions to athletic development.
Uzorak uključuje: parove jednojajčanih blizanaca (sportaši), parove dvojajčanih blizanaca (sportaši), kontrolne sportaše bez blizanca i nesportaše — sve procijenjene istim skupom instrumenata.
The sample includes: monozygotic twin pairs (athletes), dizygotic twin pairs (athletes), control athletes without a twin, and non-athletes — all assessed with the same set of instruments.
Mjerni arsenalMeasurement toolkit
- Genotipizacija — ACTN3, ACE, PPARGC1A, VEGF i dr.Genotyping — ACTN3, ACE, PPARGC1A, VEGF etc.
- Biološka dob — GlycanAge, DNK metilacija, telomeri, CRP, IL-6Biological age — GlycanAge, DNA methylation, telomeres, CRP, IL-6
- Mišić — TMG — kontraktilni parametri, tip vlakanaMuscle — TMG — contractile parameters, fibre type
- Beta-alanin iz sline — imidazolni dipeptidi, razlikovanje vlakana I/IISalivary beta-alanine — imidazole dipeptides, fibre type I/II differentiation
- NIR spektroskopija — neinvazivna oksigenacija mišićaNIR spectroscopy — non-invasive muscle oxygenation
- Skeletna zrelost — BAUSport SonicBone (ultrazvuk)Skeletal maturity — BAUSport SonicBone (ultrasound)
- Motorika — Kinvent, sprint, skok, snaga hvataMotor tests — Kinvent, sprint, jump, grip strength
Prediktivni modeli i strojno učenjePredictive models and machine learning
Prikupljeni podaci bit će analizirani naprednim statističkim metodama i algoritmima strojnog učenja s ciljem razvoja integralnog prediktivnog modela sportskog talenta koji integrira genomske, epigenetske i fenotipske podatke.
The collected data will be analysed using advanced statistical methods and machine-learning algorithms, with the goal of developing an integrated predictive model of sporting talent that combines genomic, epigenetic and phenotypic data.
Analitički pristupAnalytical approach
- Deskriptivna statistika i distribucijska analizaDescriptive statistics and distributional analysis
- ANOVA, MANOVA, regresijska analizaANOVA, MANOVA, regression analysis
- Klaster analiza i latentne klaseCluster analysis and latent class modelling
- Random Forest i Gradient BoostingRandom Forest and Gradient Boosting
- Analiza blizanačkih parova (bivarijatni genetski modeli)Twin pair analysis (bivariate genetic models)
- Heritabilnost i korelacijska genetska analizaHeritability and genetic correlation analysis